Inhibition of Lung Cancer Stem Cell Migration and Growth Through Nano-Photodynamic Therapy
Heidi Abrahamse
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University of Johannesburg, South Africa
Paper #9086 received 27 Mar 2024; revised manuscript received 24 Apr 2024; accepted for publication 24 Apr 2024; published online 30 May 2024.
DOI: 10.18287/JBPE24.10.040301
Abstract
Recurrence and post-treatment spreading of lung cancer signify the existence of drug-resistant cancer stem cells (CSCs) that withstand current therapies. The development of metastases and secondary tumors is a primary contributor to mortality. CSCs play a pivotal role in driving cellular invasion and have a critical impact on prognosis. Enhancing treatment outcomes involves the targeted elimination of CSCs while preserving healthy tissue. In this laboratory-based investigation, Photodynamic Therapy (PDT), a minimally invasive treatment, was employed alongside a nano drug carrier for lung cancer. PDT operates by inducing light-triggered cell death using a photosensitizing drug. When coupled with gold nanoparticles, this nano-mediated PDT facilitated cell death specifically in lung CSCs. The study’s objective was to assess the impact on normal lung cells and isolated CSCs, considering aspects such as cellular structure, migratory ability, proliferation, toxicity, doubling time, and the cell cycle. The results revealed minimal effects on normal lung cells, a reduction in CSC migration and invasion, the initiation of cell cycle arrest, and a decrease in CSC proliferation. Utilizing a drug nano carrier like AuNPs significantly enhanced the efficacy of PDT, with a specific focus on curtailing CSC-mediated dissemination in lung cancer, ultimately leading to an improved prognosis.
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